1 PolicyLink. March 2016. An Equitable Food System: Good for Families, Communities, and the Economy. Issue Brief Series: The Economic Benefits of Equity. Oakland, CA: PolicyLink. http://www.policylink.org/resources-tools/equitable-food-system-brief
 

2 Alana Rhone, Michele Ver Ploeg, Chris Dicken, Ryan Williams, and Vince Breneman. January 2017. Low-Income and Low-Supermarket-Access Census Tracts, 2010-2015. EIB-165, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. https://www.ers.usda.gov/webdocs/publications/82101/eib-165.pdf?v=0
 

3 Food Chain Workers Alliance and Solidarity Research Cooperative. November 2016. No Piece of the Pie: U.S. Food Workers in 2016. Los Angeles, CA: Food Chain Workers Alliance. http://foodchainworkers.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/FCWA_NoPieceOfThePie_P.pdf
 

4 California Department of Food and Agriculture. 2017. California Agricultural Exports: 2016-2017. California Department of Food and Agriculture. https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/statistics/PDFs/2017AgExports.pdf
 

5 California Department of Food and Agriculture. 2015. California Agricultural Statistics Review, 2014-2015. California Department of Food and Agriculture. https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/statistics/PDFs/2015Report.pdf
 

6 National Agricultural Statistics Service. May 2014. 2012 Census of Agriculture: United States Summary and State Data. AC-12-A-51. U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2012/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_US/usv1.pdf
 

7 Gail Wadsworth and Lisa Kresge. September 26, 2011. "Hunger in the Fields." Civil Eats. https://civileats.com/2011/09/26/hunger-in-the-fields/
 

8 National Agricultural Statistics Service. May 2014. 2012 Census of Agriculture: United States Summary and State Data. AC-12-A-51. U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2012/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_US/usv1.pdf
 

9 National Agricultural Statistics Service. May 2014. 2012 Census of Agriculture: United States Summary and State Data. AC-12-A-51. U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2012/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_US/usv1.pdf
 

10 National Center for Farmworker Health, Inc. September 2012. Farmworker Health Factsheet: Demographics. National Center for Farmworker Health, Inc. http://www.ncfh.org/uploads/3/8/6/8/38685499/fs-migrant_demographics.pdf
 

11 Philip Martin and Daniel Costa. March 21, 2017. "Farmworker Wages in California: Large Gap between Full-Time Equivalent and Actual Earnings." Working Economics Blog, Economic Policy Institute. https://www.epi.org/blog/farmworker-wages-in-california-large-gap-between-full-time-equivalent-and-actual-earnings/
 

12 Sara Kominers. 2015. Working in Fear. Sexual Violence Against Women Farmworkers in the United States: A Literature Review. Boston, MA: Oxfam America. https://www.northeastern.edu/law/pdfs/academics/phrge/kominers-report.pdf
 

13 Farmworker Justice. 2013. Exposed and Ignored: How Pesticides Are Endangering Our Nation's Farmworkers. Washington, DC: Farmworker Justice. https://www.farmworkerjustice.org/sites/default/files/aExposed percent20and percent20Ignored percent20by percent20Farmworker percent20Justice percent20singles percent20compressed.pdf
 

14 Anisha Hingorani and Haan-Fawn Chau. October 2013. Los Angeles Food System Snapshot 2013. Los Angeles, CA: Los Angeles Food Policy Council.
 

15 Hingorani and Chau. Los Angeles Food System Snapshot 2013.
 

16 Anthony Giancatarino and Simran Noor. July 17, 2014. Building the Case for Racial Equity in the Food System. New York, NY: Center for Social Inclusion. https://www.centerforsocialinclusion.org/publication/building-the-case-for-racial-equity-in-the-food-system/
 

17 David Siders and Jeremy B. White. September 12, 2016. "California Farmworker Overtime Bill Signed by Jerry Brown." The Sacramento Bee. https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article101400142.html

18 David Saxowsky. 2018. "Regulation of the U.S. Food Processing Sector." Food Law. North Dakota State University. https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/foodlaw/safe-408-608/foodprocessingregulation
 

19 Richard J. Sexton, Josué Medellín-Azuara, and Tina L. Saitone. January 2015. The Economic Impact of Food and Beverage Processing in California and Its Cities and Counties. California League of Food Processors. http://clfp.com/wp-content/uploads/CLFP_FINAL_Report_1_29_15.pdf
 

20 Ibid.

 

21 Nationally, the meat and poultry industry employs 500,000 workers in slaughterhouses and meat processing plants. The United Food & Commercial Workers International Union estimates that tens of thousands of refugee workers make up the nearly 250,000 unionized meat and poultry plant workers across the country. Oxfam America. 2018. No Relief: Denial of Bathroom Breaks in Poultry Industry. Boston, MA: Oxfam America. https://www.oxfamamerica.org/static/media/files/No_Relief.pdf
 

22 Bureau of Labor Statistics. May 2017. "Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2017: 51-3099 Food Processing Workers, All Other." Occupational Employment Statistics. U.S. Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes513099.htm
 

23 Yvonne Yen Liu and Dominique Apollon. February 2011. The Color of Food. Applied Research Center. https://www.raceforward.org/sites/default/files/downloads/food_justice_021611_F.pdf
 

24 Food Chain Workers Alliance and Solidarity Research Cooperative. No Piece of the Pie.
 

25 Cindy Carcamo. July 31, 2017. "In California's Poultry Plants, Refugees Fill Vacuum Left after President Bush's Immigration Raid." The Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-refugees-in-poultry-industry-in-california-20170726-htmlstory.html
 

26 Human Rights Watch. 2004. Blood, Sweat, and Fear: Workers' Rights in U.S. Meat and Poultry Plants. New York, NY: Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/usa0105.pdf
 

27 Cal/OSHA Consultation Service. 2003. Ergonomics in Action: A Guide to Best Practices for the Food-Processing Industry. California Department of Industrial Relations. https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/dosh_publications/erg_food_processing.pdf
 

28 Peggy Lowe. April 26, 2017. "Tyson Foods Promises Better Conditions and Safety for Meat Workers." NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/04/26/525736888/tyson-foods-promises-better-conditions-and-safety-for-meat-workers
 

29 Harvest Public Media. 2018. Dangerous Jobs, Cheap Meat. Harvest Public Media. http://www.harvestpublicmedia.org/topic/dangerous-jobs-cheap-meat
 

30 Richard J. Sexton, Josué Medellín-Azuara, and Tina L. Saitone. The Economic Impact of Food and Beverage Processing in California and Its Cities and Counties.
 

31 Yvonne Yen Liu. July 2012. Good Food and Good Jobs for All: Challenges and Opportunities to Advance Racial and Economic Equity in the Food System. Applied Research Center. https://www.raceforward.org/research/reports/good-food-and-good-jobs-all
 

32 Food Chain Workers Alliance and Solidarity Research Cooperative. No Piece of the Pie.|
 

33 Ibid.
 

34 Economic Research Service. October 2017. "Wholesaling." U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food-markets-prices/retailing-wholesaling/wholesaling/
 

35 Ibid.
 

36 Ibid.

 

37 Wayne Wakeland, Susan Cholette, and Kumar Venkat. "Chapter 9: Food Transportation Issues and Reducing Carbon Footprint." In J.I. Boye and Y. Arcand (eds.), Green Technologies in Food Production and Processing. Food Engineering Series. CleanMetrics Corporation. http://www.cleanmetrics.com/pages/ch9_0923.pdf
 

38 Natural Resource Defense Council. November 2007. Food Miles: How Far Your Food Travels Has Serious Consequences for Your Health and the Climate. Health Facts. Natural Resources Defense Council. http://www.goodfoodworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/foodmiles.pdf
 

39 DA Cleveland, CN Radka, NM Muller, TD Watson, NJ Rekstein, HV Wright, and SE Hollingshead. May 2011. Effect of Localizing Fruit and Vegetable Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Nutrition, Santa Barbara County. Environmental Science & Technology. 45:4555-4562. DOI: 10.1021/es1040317
 

40 Food Chain Workers Alliance and Solidarity Research Cooperative. No Piece of the Pie.
 

41 Yvonne Yen Liu and Dominique Apollon. The Color of Food.
 

42 Ibid.
 

43 Ibid.
 

44 California Department of Food and Agriculture. 2012. Improving Food Access in California: A Report to the California Legislature. California Department of Food and Agriculture. https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/exec/public_affairs/pdf/ImprovingFoodAccessInCalifornia.pdf
 

45 Saru Jayaraman and the Food Labor Research Center, University of California, Berkeley. June 1, 2014. Shelved: How Wages and Working Conditions for California's Food Retail Workers Have Declined as the Industry Has Thrived. United Food and Commercial Workers, Western States Council. http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/shelved-how-wages-and-working-conditions-for-californias-food-retail-workers-have-declined-as-the-industry-has-thrived/
 

46 Tracie McMillan. March 2016. "The SNAP Gap: Benefits Aren't Enough to Keep Many Recipients Fed." NPR.https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/03/03/468955099/the-snap-gap-benefits-arent-enough-to-keep-many-recipients-fed
 

47 Food and Nutrition Service. September 2017. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: State Activity Report, Fiscal Year 2016. U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://fns-prod.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/snap/FY16-State-Activity-Report.pdf